Not so fast: Why you should think twice before booking flights with a tight connection (2024)

All travelers, at one point or another, have run a marathon through the airport, cursing themselves for booking such a tight connection (or whatever delay put them in that situation), and sweating as they slalom their way through Auntie Anne’s and Hudson News lines with a roller bag in tow. And sure, there’s an element of personal choice in that, but experts say part of the problem could be that many airlines even allow you to book tickets with such short connections in the first place.

Travel professionals advise against being lured in with the promise of a quick door-to-door trip time, because it leaves little wiggle room if something goes wrong.

Here’s how airlines – yes airlines and not regulators – decide what the minimum amount of time you need between flights is. And what travel professionals say you should consider when booking tickets.

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What is a legal connection time?

In the U.S. there’s no overarching rule about minimum connection times. Airlines are free to set their own guidelines and sell connecting flight itineraries with whatever time between flights they feel is reasonable.

How are minimum connection times determined?

According to Airlines for America, the trade association that represents most carriers in the U.S., airlines consider factors including airport layout, average boarding time and flight duration when considering their own minimum connection policies.

“Carriers have internal rules that are specific to each airport depending on terminal layout, concourses for inbound and connecting flights, and whether itinerary is domestic to international, international to domestic, international to international or domestic to domestic,” the organization said in a statement to USA TODAY. “Factors such as deplaning duration of an inbound flight and average time needed to board the connecting flight are considered as well. Carriers’ reservation systems will not build an itinerary that violates its minimum connection times.”

Not so fast: Why you should think twice before booking flights with a tight connection (1)

But many travel advisers say those guidelines result in itineraries that don’t always work for passengers.

“On average, 35 minutes is what they consider a legal connection,” said Loulu Lima founder of the Texas-based travel agency Book Here Give Here. She explained that “legal” in this case means “in line with the airline’s policies,” but she said that’s often not enough time, especially if your first flight gets delayed or even winds up taking longer to taxi to the gate than expected.

“I literally have a waiver that clients have to sign if they want that because the chances of you missing your connection are so high,” Lima said. “I don’t want to be responsible for that.”

What is a good connection time?

Travel advisers say there’s a lot to take into account when booking connecting flights, but a general rule of thumb is 60-90 minutes between domestic flights and at least two to three hours for international itineraries.

“Let’s take into account: how fast do you walk, how much are you willing to hustle? How long was your original flight? … Do you need a wheelchair? … What if you’re a family and you traveled with a baby and you need your stroller?” Lima said. “There are a lot of moving pieces that you have to think about when you’re looking at connections.”

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Laurel Brunvoll, owner and president of the boutique luxury travel agency Unforgettable Trips, agreed that 90 minutes is a good floor on connection times, even if an airline sends you an itinerary with as little as 40 minutes between flights.

“I don’t care if you’re a marathon runner. It’s just not realistic to get off a plane, go across the airport and get on another plane” in so little time, she said.

What to do if you miss your connection

Lima said it’s important to do your homework before you fly, and know what your options are if something goes wrong.

It’s best to figure out what other flights may be available, so you can go to a customer service agent or rebook yourself on the airline’s website or app knowing what the next-best itinerary is for you.

Lima said that apps like Flightradar24 and FlightAware can help you see what flights are available, even if they aren’t showing up on your airline’s website.

“I try to arm my clients with: If this happens, this is what you need to do. You want to go to the customer service and you want to go to a gate agent of the airline that you’re flying, and you want to have a conversation going, how can you help me? Don’t get agitated,” she said. “I have to teach patience. Minimum connections come with therapy.”

Have you missed a connecting flight because of a tight schedule? How was that experience?

Zach Wichter is a travel reporter for USA TODAY based in New York. You can reach him at zwichter@usatoday.com

Not so fast: Why you should think twice before booking flights with a tight connection (2024)

FAQs

Do I need to check in twice for connecting flights? ›

In most cases, you'll receive your boarding pass for your connecting flight already when you check in for your first flight. This means you don't have to check in again for your next flight. If you haven't received it, you can go to the transfer desk or kiosk of the airline you're flying with to collect it.

Is it bad to purposely miss a connecting flight? ›

While not illegal, intentionally skipping segments on an itinerary does almost always violates airlines' contracts of carriage. For example, American's contract of carriage says this: Reservations made to exploit or circumvent fare and ticket rules are prohibited.

Is 1.5 hours enough for connecting an international flight? ›

Two to three hours is the minimum recommended time for an international layover, but more might be needed.

Is 1 hour 30 minutes enough for connecting flights? ›

What is a good connection time? Travel advisers say there's a lot to take into account when booking connecting flights, but a general rule of thumb is 60-90 minutes between domestic flights and at least two to three hours for international itineraries.

When getting a connecting flight, do you go through security again? ›

For connecting domestic flights, you almost never have to exit and reenter security, though there are some exceptions at airports where the terminals aren't all connected. For domestic-to-international connection, it's still pretty rare that you have to exit and reenter security, even if you're changing terminals.

Do I have to go through TSA twice if I have a layover? ›

Unless your flight is in another terminal building, you won't have to exit air-side to land-side and go through security again. If you are going from domestic to international travel (or vise-versa), then yes. You probably will have to go through a security check again, as the terminals tend to be separate.

Why is skiplagging illegal? ›

"Skiplagged deceives the public into believing that, even though it has no authority to form and issue a contract on American's behalf, somehow it can still issue a completely valid ticket. It cannot. Every 'ticket' issued by Skiplagged is at risk of being invalidated," the airline said.

What happens if I miss connecting a flight due to delay? ›

In most cases, US airlines will put you on the next available flight for free. (Even some ultra-low-cost carriers, like Spirit and Allegiant, will rebook you on the next flight for free if the missed connection is due to a flight delay.)

What is an example of skiplagging? ›

Skiplagged searches for the route you want to take and then looks to see if there are cheaper options on the same route by booking an onward flight. The example Skiplagged uses is a flight from Atlanta to Orlando costing $250, but a flight from Atlanta through Orlando to Dallas costing $130.

What happens if you miss a flight connection? ›

The airline should re-book the passenger on the next available flight or in the case of the next outbound flight being the next morning, the airline should either provide booking for another airline or provide accomodations and meals.

What is the minimum connection time for international flights? ›

MCTs could be as low as 30 minutes for domestic, whilst for international flights can be up to an hour and a half to transfer to an international carrier.

Do I need to go through security for a connecting international flight? ›

The security procedures for international and domestic flights may vary. If you are on an international connecting flight, it is more likely that you will need to go through security again. This is because international airports often have separate terminals or concourses with their security checkpoints.

What happens if a layover is too short? ›

If your itinerary was purchased as one ticket (as in: you have only one itinerary and one confirmation number), and the connection time was too short and you miss the second (or third) flight, you can rest easy, no matter what happens. The airline will simply put you onto the next available flight, free of charge.

Is 2 hours enough time for an international flight? ›

International flights: Aim for 3 hours to handle customs and immigration. Airport familiarity: If you know the airport is efficient, you might be comfortable arriving closer to departure.

Is 50 minutes enough for a connecting flight international? ›

For international layover flights booked on one airline, two hours is often recommended to make your connection. For international flights on different airlines, the connection time will need to be even greater as you may have to change terminals between the two flights.

How does check-in work for connecting flights? ›

Connecting flight FAQ

In most cases, luggage is checked through to your final destination and you won't need to clear customs on your connection. Some countries, like the United States, are exceptions. The check-in agent will advise you on your specific itinerary when dropping your bag at your first airport.

Is check in required for connecting flights? ›

How do flight connections work? Generally, if you are on an internal flight, once you land for your stopover, you will pass through the transfer area that will take you to the gate for your next flight where check-in is not required. Your bags will be passed on to the next flight without you having to pick them.

Do I need to check in again for transit flight? ›

Transfer between different airport terminals

The trip you've selected requires a self-transfer with a short connecting time usually below 2 hours. It means that you'll need to transfer between flights, clearing immigrations and customs, and checking in again for the next flight by yourself.

Do you have to go through security again for a connecting flight for checked bag? ›

If you checked a bag, you'll have to collect it from baggage claim from the international flight. You'll need to clear customs and immigration. Next, you'll recheck your luggage for the domestic flight. Finally, you'll need to go through Transportation Security Administration screening.

References

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